Properties
What is it?
Drug Name Calcium Gluconate Generic (International Nonproprietary) Name Calcium Gluconate Dosage Form 10% Solution for Injection 5 ml or 10 ml in ampoules #10 Composition 1 ampoule contains: Calcium Gluconate _ 0.475 g or 0.950 g. Excipients: Calcium Saccharate, Water for Injection. ATC Code A12AA03 Clinical-Pharmacological Group Calcium Preparations Pharmacological Properties Pharmacodynamics: Calcium gluconate has anti-allergic, detoxicating, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It reduces vascular wall permeability. In the body, the preparation restores calcium deficiency. Calcium ions participate in bone tissue formation, nerve impulse transmission, myocardial function, skeletal and smooth muscle contraction, blood clotting, and other physiological processes. When administered intravenously, calcium stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and increases adrenaline production by the adrenal glands; it has a moderate diuretic effect. Unlike calcium chloride, calcium gluconate has a weaker local irritant effect, therefore it can be administered intramuscularly and subcutaneously. Pharmacokinetics: After parenteral administration, the preparation is evenly distributed in all tissues and organs. Calcium is present in blood plasma in an ionized form. The preparation crosses the placental barrier and passes into breast milk. It is mainly excreted by the kidneys. Indications: • Hypocalcemia of various origins; • Hypoparathyroidism; • Parenchymal hepatitis; • Toxic liver damage; • Nephritis; • Eclampsia; • Hyperkalemic form of paroxysmal myoplegia; • Skin diseases; • Allergic diseases and drug allergies (as adjunctive therapy); • Bleeding (as an adjunctive hemostatic agent); • Inflammatory and exudative processes; • As an antidote in poisoning with oxalic acid and its salts, magnesium, and fluoride salts. Dosage and Administration For adults, 5-10 ml of 10% solution is administered intravenously or intramuscularly daily, every other day, or every 2 days, depending on the indication. For children, depending on age, 1 ml to 5 ml of 10% solution is administered intravenously every 2-3 days. In children, the preparation is administered only intravenously. In adults and children, the preparation is administered intravenously slowly over 2-3 minutes. Side Effects When the preparation is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and bradycardia are rarely expected; when administered intravenously, a sensation of warmth in the mouth, and then throughout the body, which quickly passes on its own. When the preparation is administered intramuscularly, necrosis at the injection site may develop. Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the preparation, hypercalcemia, severe atherosclerosis, predisposition to thrombosis, severe renal failure. Interactions with Other Drugs Before filling the syringe, it should not contain residual ethyl alcohol, as calcium gluconate precipitates upon interaction with it. Concomitant administration of calcium gluconate with other calcium preparations is not recommended. Intravenous administration of calcium gluconate before or after verapamil administration may reduce the hypotensive effect of verapamil, but its antiarrhythmic effect does not change. Concomitant use with quinidine may lead to a slowdown in intraventricular conduction and an increase in quinidine toxicity. Parenteral use of calcium gluconate during treatment with cardiac glycosides is not recommended due to increased cardiotoxic effects. Overdose In case of overdose, hypercalcemia may develop. In this case, calcitonin is used as an antidote, administered intravenously at a dose of 5-10 IU/kg body weight per day (the preparation is diluted in 500 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution and administered by drip infusion over 6 hours in 2-4 doses). Pregnancy and Lactation The use of the preparation at therapeutic doses during pregnancy and lactation is not contraindicated. Special Instructions Before use, the calcium gluconate ampoule should be warmed to body temperature. Packaging 5 ml or 10 ml solution for injection in an ampoule. 10 ampoules in a cardboard box equipped with a corrugated cardboard divider. Or 5 ampoules with a dissolver or scarifier in a polyvinyl chloride contour cell tray. 2 contour cell trays in a cardboard box. Storage Conditions: Store in a dry, protected from light place at a temperature of 20-25°C. Keep out of reach of children. Shelf Life 2 years. The preparation is not allowed to be used after the expiry date indicated on the packaging. Dispensing Conditions Prescription only.