Properties
What is it?
International name - timolol maleate, pilocarpine Clinical-pharmacological group: Ophthalmology → Antiglaucoma agents → For topical use in ophthalmology → Beta-adrenoblockers Composition: 1 ml of the preparation contains; Active substances: Pilocarpine hydrochloride 40 mg/ml, Timolol maleate 6.84 mg (equivalent to 5 mg timolol) Excipients: Benzalkonium chloride, citric acid, sodium citrate, hypromellose, water for injection. Description: Transparent, colorless solution. Pharmacotherapeutic group: Combined antiglaucoma agent (M-cholinomimetic and beta-adrenoblocker) Indications for use: Glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure when a combination of timolol and pilocarpine is required. - Open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma; - Secondary glaucoma; - Elevated intraocular pressure after ophthalmic surgery. Contraindications - Anterior uveitis; - Sinus bradycardia; - Atrioventricular block of II-III degree; - Decompensated heart failure; - Cardiogenic shock; - Bronchial asthma; - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; - Children under 18 years of age (due to lack of data on the efficacy and safety of the preparation in children and adolescents); - Hypersensitivity to any component of the preparation; - Immediate postoperative period after ophthalmic surgery and other eye diseases where pupillary constriction is undesirable. Dosage and administration Usual dosage - 1 drop in the affected eye 2 times a day. In some patients, a sustained reduction in intraocular pressure caused by Fotil® is achieved only after several weeks, so the effectiveness of the therapy should be assessed 4 weeks after the start of treatment. If the patient's intraocular pressure remains elevated during treatment with Fotil® eye drops, it is recommended to continue treatment with Fotil® Forte eye drops - 1 drop 2 times a day. Side effects: Ocular: - Blurred vision; - Eye irritation; - Short-term burning and stinging sensation in the eye; - Increased tearing; - Dry eye syndrome; - Eyelid dermatitis; - Conjunctival hyperemia; - Ciliary muscle spasm and induced myopia; - Reduced visual acuity in low light conditions (due to miosis); - Reduced corneal sensitivity; - Punctate keratitis; - Allergic blepharoconjunctivitis. Several cases of retinal detachment, rigidity of the iris or cyst formation in the iris have been reported in association with the use of miotic agents. Reversible opacification of the lens has been observed with prolonged use of pilocarpine. Systemic: Nausea, diarrhea, sweating, excessive salivation and decreased blood pressure, heart failure, exacerbation of bronchial asthma, bradycardia, arrhythmia, skin rash, temporal and supraorbital headaches. Timolol crosses the blood-brain barrier and affects the central nervous system. In all patients with heart failure, it can cause asthenic syndrome, nausea, dizziness, anxiety, hallucinations, headache, and depression. Very rarely - nasal congestion, diplopia, and ptosis.