Properties
What is it?
International Nonproprietary Name - sodium bicarbonate Instructions for use Sodium bicarbonate 8.4% Dosage form: IV 8.4% infusion solution Composition: 1 ml contains: Sodium bicarbonate -------- 84 mg Water for injection -------------------- q.s. up to 1 ml. Description: The preparation is a colorless, odorless, transparent solution. Pharmacological group: Blood substitutes and perfusion solutions, electrolyte solutions. Pharmacological properties: Sodium bicarbonate infusion solution is characterized by alkaline properties, which are manifested by increased excretion of sodium and chloride ions from the body, resulting in increased osmotic diuresis. Indications: Sodium bicarbonate infusion solution is used in metabolic acidosis, which can be caused by severe kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (ketoacidosis), circulatory disorders due to dehydration, circulatory failure, lactic acidosis, extracorporeal perfusion, etc. Sodium bicarbonate infusion solution is one of the most important drugs of choice in poisoning with various medications, including barbiturates (where the barbiturate-protein complex dissociates), as well as salicylates, methyl alcohol, etc. Method of administration: Sodium bicarbonate infusion 8.4% solution is used intravenously, by drip, in pure form or diluted in another infusion solution. In adults with acute acidosis, sodium bicarbonate 8.4% solution is administered based on body weight, with an initial dose of 2-5 mEq/kg body weight equivalent over 4-8 hours. Subsequently, the dose is adjusted according to analysis (20-22 mmol/L). In children, the initial dose is 1 mEq/kg, with slow intravenous infusion, diluted to a 0.5 mEq/ml solution, up to a maximum dose of 8 mEq/kg body weight per day, to avoid reducing cerebrospinal pressure, which can cause intracranial hemorrhage. The safety and efficacy of sodium bicarbonate in children have not been determined. In the elderly over 60 years of age, the maximum dose of sodium bicarbonate 8.4% solution is 90-100 mEq/kg. It is desirable not to achieve complete correction of acidosis within the first 24 hours to avoid alkalosis associated with excessive respiratory hypercompensation. Side effects: With prolonged use of this preparation, when administered daily, alkalosis, sometimes uncompensated, may occur, accompanied by the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, headache, restlessness, increased blood pressure. In severe cases, tetanic seizures may develop, in which case it is necessary to temporarily discontinue the sodium bicarbonate 8.4% infusion solution. The following may also occur: hypokalemia, hypernatremia, hyperosmolarity, hypocalcemia. Overdose: Overdose of the preparation can lead to hyperalkalosis and tetanic seizures. In such cases, administration of the preparation must be stopped and symptomatic therapy should be carried out. Contraindications: Individual hypersensitivity to the preparation, metabolic alkalosis. Effect on drivers of vehicles and personnel working with potentially dangerous machinery: Patients who experience temporary loss of visual acuity when using sodium bicarbonate 8.4% infusion solution are not recommended to drive or operate complex machinery and various tools that require sharp vision. Effect on pregnancy and lactation: It is approved that the use of many medications, including sodium bicarbonate, during pregnancy and lactation requires great caution, as it may pose a risk to the health of both the mother and the child.