Properties
What is it?
Toxivenol Trade Name Toxivenol, Toxivenol International Nonproprietary Name or Group Name Troxerutin + Carbazochrome Pharmaceutical Form Solution for injection. Description: Clear, orange-colored solution. Composition 1 ampoule contains active substances: Troxerutin 150 mg, Carbazochrome 1.5 mg. Excipients: Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid, water for injection. For more information, see the blog: What is Toxivenol and what is its role in the treatment of venous diseases? Pharmacotherapeutic Group Angioprotectors. Capillary stabilizers. Bioflavonoids. Troxerutin, combinations. Pharmacological Properties Pharmacodynamics The action of the preparation is due to the troxerutin and carbazochrome it contains. Troxerutin (trihydroxyethylrutoside), also known as vitamin P4, is a bioflavonoid that increases vascular resistance and provides capillary-protective action and reduces their permeability, prevents excessive penetration of liquid blood components into tissues and provides anti-edema action. The mechanism of action of bioflavonoids is based on multifactorial hypotheses: - vasoconstrictive effect on the precapillary sphincter; - potentiation of adrenaline action; - indirect increase in ascorbic acid levels; - antagonistic effect on histamine; - inhibition of hyaluronidase. Currently, a more or less recognized hypothesis is that torxerutin contributes to the constancy of adrenaline concentration in circulation by inhibiting the catabolism of the neuromediator by catechol-O-methyltransferase. As a result, adrenaline exerts a peripheral vasoconstrictive effect, mainly on small arteries by blocking the precapillary sphincter. This results in a significant reduction in blood flow in the state of capillary vacuum, which excludes permeability, due to the impossibility of exchange between vessels and tissues. In addition to acting on norepinephrine catabolism, it enhances the action of vitamin C, which has a protective effect on membrane permeability and inhibits hyaluronidase, which, after activation, metabolizes hyaluronic acid (a mucopolysaccharide that ensures the density of blood vessel walls). In addition, it inhibits the release of histamine, which is a vasodilator and edema-promoting agent, thereby reducing capillary permeability. Carbazochrome (adrenochrome semicarbazone), an orthoquinone, which is a derivative of adrenaline and obtained by oxidation and cyclization of the side chain, is completely devoid of sympathomimetic action due to the absence of a functional secondary amino group and an ortho-diphenol group. It reduces bleeding time by local vasoconstriction of small vessels in the bleeding area without increasing arterial pressure. Carbazochrome has been shown to directly affect capillary resistance and permeability, vascular tone, and vascular contraction. The combination of troxerutin and carbazochrome, due to their complementary pharmacological and therapeutic properties, has a hemostatic and angioprotective effect. Pharmacokinetics No data available. Indications for use Symptomatic treatment of venous insufficiency and conditions associated with increased capillary fragility. Method of administration and dosage The recommended daily dose is 3-9 ml (1-3 ampoules) intramuscularly. The contents of the ampoule should not be mixed with other solutions containing ascorbic acid. A double dose should not be used to compensate for a missed dose. Contraindications Hypersensitivity to the active substances and excipients of the preparation. Adverse Reactions With incorrect administration of the preparation (intradermal or subcutaneous), skin irritation (redness at the injection site and generalized erythema) may develop with unknown frequency. The preparation should not be used intradermally or subcutaneously (mesotherapy), as controlled clinical trials on the efficacy and safety of the preparation with these administration methods have not been conducted. Reporting of suspected adverse reactions It is important to report suspected adverse reactions after the medicinal product is registered. If a patient experiences a serious adverse reaction to the medicinal product or a new adverse reaction not listed in this section, please report it according to the national pharmacovigilance system. Special warnings Experience with the use of this combination has not revealed evidence that would limit the use of Toxivenol. The preparation contains 28.3 mg (1.23 mmol) of sodium in 9 ml (maximum daily dose), which should be taken into account in patients with impaired renal function and in patients on a sodium-restricted diet. Incompatibility The preparation is incompatible with ascorbic acid. Effect on ability to drive and use machines The preparation does not affect the ability to drive and use machines. Use during pregnancy and lactation The safety of using the preparation during pregnancy has not been established. The preparation should not be used during pregnancy and lactation, as adverse effects on the fetus and breastfed infant cannot be excluded. Interactions with other medicinal products No interactions of this combination with other medicinal products are known. Overdose No cases of overdose of the preparation have been reported. Dosage form 3 ml of solution for injection in yellow glass ampoules. 5 ampoules in a contour cell package. 2 contour cell packages with instructions for medical use in a cardboard box. Storage conditions Store at a temperature not exceeding 25° C. Keep out of reach of children! Shelf life 3 years from the date of manufacture. Do not use after the expiry date. Dispensing regime: Pharmaceutical product group - Group III, available without a prescription