Properties
What is it?
International Name - ceftriaxone Clinical-Pharmacological Group: Antibacterial Agents → Beta-Lactam Antibiotics (Penicillins and Cephalosporins) → Cephalosporins → Third-Generation Cephalosporins Composition and Dosage Form 1 vial contains 1.0 g of ceftriaxone (as sodium salt). Indications Infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to ceftriaxone: sepsis, meningitis; intra-abdominal infections (e.g., peritonitis); bone, joint, skin, and soft tissue infections; infected wounds; genitourinary tract infections; respiratory tract infections (pneumonia, bronchitis); gonorrhea and others; prophylaxis of postoperative infections. Dosage and Administration Ceftriaxone is administered intramuscularly or intravenously (bolus or infusion). For intramuscular injection, use 3.5 ml of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride solution as a diluent - 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 3.5 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride solution. The drug is injected deep into the upper outer quadrant of the buttock. When administering the drug intravenously, the use of lidocaine hydrochloride solution as a diluent is not permitted! For intravenous bolus injection, 1 g of the drug is dissolved in 10 ml, and 0.5 g in 5 ml of sterile water for injection. The solution is injected intravenously slowly over 2-4 minutes. For intravenous infusion, 2 g of the drug is dissolved in 40 ml of one of the following solutions: 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 5% or 10% glucose injection, 5% fructose injection. The solution should be used immediately after preparation. The infusion duration is at least 30 minutes. For adults and children over 12 years of age, the dose of the drug is 1-2 g per day. If necessary, the dose can be increased up to 4 g (it is preferable to divide the dose into 2 administrations and administer every 12 hours). For newborns up to 14 days old, the dose of ceftriaxone is 20-50 mg/kg of body weight per day. For children from 15 days to 12 years old, the daily dose is 20-80 mg/kg of body weight per day (it is preferable to divide the dose into 2 administrations and administer every 12 hours). The duration of treatment is 4-14 days. After the disappearance of symptoms, treatment should be continued for at least 2-3 days. For severe infectious diseases, prolonged therapy may be possible. Side Effects Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, glossitis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, skin rash, allergic reactions. Rarely: headache, dizziness, increased liver enzyme activity, increased plasma creatinine levels, fever, chills, development of pseudomembranous colitis, and others. The mentioned adverse reactions generally resolve spontaneously after discontinuation of treatment. Contraindications Hypersensitivity to antibiotics of the cephalosporin group. Pregnancy and Lactation The use of ceftriaxone is contraindicated in the I trimester of pregnancy. The use of the drug in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy is permissible only when the expected benefit to the mother clearly outweighs the potential risk of adverse effects on the fetus. The drug passes into breast milk, therefore, during lactation, the drug is used with extreme caution. Special Instructions Superinfection may develop during treatment with the drug. Ceftriaxone has the ability to displace bilirubin bound to serum albumin, therefore, ceftriaxone is used with extreme caution in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and premature infants. Overdose In case of overdose, transient encephalopathic events may develop. Treatment: Symptomatic therapy. There is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are ineffective.
