Properties
What is it?
Pharmacological Properties: ZOLAFREN (OLANZAPINE) is an atypical antipsychotic agent with affinity for 5HT2A/2C, 5HT3, 5HT6, dopamine D4, D3, D1, D2, cholinergic muscarinic (m1-m5), α-1 adrenergic, and H1 histamine receptors. Studies have shown that olanzapine selectively interacts with the mesolimbic system without significant interaction with the extrapyramidal system. ZOLAFREN binds more to 5HT2A receptors than to D2 receptors. Unlike other traditional neuroleptic agents, it has less interaction with D2 receptors, which leads to a relatively low incidence of acute extrapyramidal side effects and dyskinesia. In anxiolytic tests, unlike other neuroleptic agents, ZOLAFREN enhances the anti-anxiety effect. Studies in patients with schizophrenia have shown that ZOLAFREN reduces both positive (delusions, hallucinations, etc.) and negative symptoms. See blog: ZOLAFREN – A medication for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Pharmacokinetic Properties: After oral administration, ZOLAFREN is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax in blood plasma is reached in 5-8 hours. Food intake does not affect the absorption of the drug. T1/2 is on average 33 (12-47) hours. The pharmacokinetic parameters of olanzapine vary depending on the patient's sex, age, and in smokers. Indications: Treatment of schizophrenia. Treatment of manic and depressive episodes associated with moderate to severe bipolar disorder. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to any ingredient of ZOLAFREN; narrow-angle glaucoma. Side Effects: Very common side effects (which may occur in 1 to 10 out of 100 patients) include weight gain, somnolence, and increased prolactin levels in the blood. Common side effects: changes in lipid levels, increased sugar levels in blood and urine, increased appetite, dizziness, restlessness, tremor, muscle rigidity and spasms (including eye movements), speech problems, constipation, dry mouth, rash, severe fatigue, fluid retention in the body, decreased libido in men and women, erectile dysfunction in men. In the initial stage of treatment, some individuals may experience dizziness or fainting (with a slowing of heart rate), especially when standing up from a lying or sitting position. Uncommon side effects (may develop in 1 to 100 out of 100 patients) include: decreased heart rate, sensitivity to sunlight, urinary incontinence, difficulty urinating, hair loss, reduced or absent menstrual cycle and changes in breast size in men and women, such as impaired milk production or unusual breast enlargement, restless legs syndrome. In elderly patients diagnosed with dementia, stroke, pneumonia, urinary incontinence, falls, severe fatigue, visual hallucinations, increased body temperature, skin redness, and difficulty walking may develop. Several fatal cases have been reported in this group of patients. In patients with Parkinson's disease, ZOLAFREN may worsen the symptoms of side effects. Storage Conditions: The preparation should be stored at room temperature, below 25ºC, in a dark and dry place. Treatment of Manic Phase: ZOLAFREN is safe and effective for the treatment of the manic phase in bipolar disorder I and II. ZOLAFREN is an effective choice in combination therapy – the combination of olanzapine and valproic acid is more effective than monotherapy – olanzapine monotherapy is more effective than valproic acid monotherapy. The efficacy of olanzapine is higher than haloperidol – in patients receiving haloperidol, a change from manic to depressive phase was more frequent (2.4% vs 16.7%). ZOLAFREN is a good therapeutic choice in patients with "mixed" states. Treatment of Depressive Phase: During treatment with ZOLAFREN, a change from depressive to manic phase is less common. ZOLAFREN is safe and effective for the treatment of the depressive phase in bipolar disorder I. The importance and efficacy of ZOLAFREN are high in combination therapy. Dosage: Adults: The daily dose of ZOLAFREN for adults is 5-20mg. The tablet should be taken once a day, preferably at the same time. It is not related to food intake. Children: The effect of olanzapine has not been studied in patients under 18 years of age.
